A. the Evergreens, or Conifers

B. Fruit, a cone.

C. Foliage needle-like, conspicuous, spirally arranged.

D. Arrangement of leaves, few in sheathed bundle.

The Pines

DD. Arrangement of leaves, many in unsheathed tufts, deciduous

The Larches

DDD. Arrangement of leaves, solitary and scattered.

E. Leaves flat, blunt, pale beneath, 2-ranked on twig.

F. Cones erect, large; branches stiff; bark smooth, with resin blisters.

The Firs

FF. Cones pendant, small; branches supple; bark rough; leaves on minute stalks.

The Hemlocks

EE. Leaves 4-sided, sharp at tip, not pale beneath; standing out in all directions.

The Spruces

CC. Foliage scale-like, minute, 4-ranked, close pressed to twig; cones small.

The White Cedars

BB. Fruit, a blue berry; foliage spiny or scale-like, or both.

The Junipers, or Red Cedars