Woods & Their Uses
Ages 11 to 12 · Grade 6 · winter study
Winter Study — Woods and Their Uses
Teachers' References: Vol. XI., Trees; Vol. XIV., Mosses and Lichens; Vol. X., Mushrooms; Vol. VIII., Insects.
Studies of wood growth:
How is wood formed as a tree grows?
What is the meaning of the rings?; knots and knot holes?; the "grain" of wood?; bird's eye and curly grain?
Why does bark crack vertically?
How can a hollow tree live?
How is standing timber measured?
What are the enemies of trees?
What causes decay of wood?
How woods are preserved against decay.
Studies of wood in manufactures: Buildings; furniture; paper.
How woods are finished.
By-products of lumbering: Tan bark, turpentine, tar, rosin, varnishes, alcohol, acids, gums, drugs, sugars.
NOTE: It is customary to substitute "Elementary Science" for Nature Study in the seventh and eighth grades in schools. This is an introduction to the sciences of Physics and Chemistry. It is Nature Study in the inorganic realm, and is carried on by simple laboratory experiments.