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Herbarium — Part 3

Name.--The specific name fimbriata, the Latin for "fringed," refers to the margin of the goblet-shaped branches. The forms of Cladonia fimbriata are extremely varied and difficult to determine. Dr. Wainio recognises sixteen varieties and a large number of sub-varieties, twelve varieties are well known in North America.

The Scarlet-crested Cladonia, Cladonia cristatella, Tuckerm.--See Colour Plate XII.

Habit and habitat.--Dead wood, etc.

Vegetative organs (thallus).--Coral-like (cladoniaeform); fruiting branches (podetia) hollow, cylindrical, sometimes branched, 2 to 4 mm. tall; smooth or with the surface wrinkled.

Fruiting organs (apothecia).--Scarlet knobs at the tips of the fruiting branches.

Name.--The specific name cristatella, suggested by the bright fruits, is derived from the Latin crista, a crest.

Reindeer Lichen, Cladonia rangiferina, (L.) Hoffm.--See Colour Plate VIII.

Habit and habitat.--On earth often covering extensive areas.

Vegetative organs (thallus).--Shrubby (fruticulose). Fruiting branches (podetia) 4 to 10 cm. tall, branches cylindrical and hollow, 5 to 1.5 mm. thick, the divisions mostly wide-spreading; the sterile tips curved and drooping; without a distinct outer layer (ecorticate), the surface fibrous sometimes mealy or warty; ashy-white or tinged with greenish straw-colour.

Fruiting organs (apothecia).--Tiny brown knobs on the tips of the fruiting branches.

Name.--"Reindeer lichen" because reindeer feed upon it in winter.

The Cornucopia Cladonia, Red-fruited Cup Cladonia, Cladonia cornucopioides, (L.) Fr.

Habit and habitat.--On the earth.

Vegetative organs (thallus).--Branching like coral cladoniae-form); fruiting branches (podetia) hollow, elongated-top-shaped, about 15 to 35 mm. tall; smooth, becoming warty.

Fruiting organs (apothecia).--Scarlet knobs on the tips of the fruiting branches.

Name.--The specific name cornucopioides, suggested by the podetia, is compounded of three Latin words: cornu, a horn, copia, plenty, and oid, like.