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Range (Eastern North America breeds) (XXXXVIII)

Eastern North America; breeds, as far as known, in Manitoba; winters in northern South America.

Washington, T. V., very rare in spring, late May; common from Aug. 28 to Oct. 15. Sing Sing, rare T. V., Aug. 26 to Oct. 9. Cambridge, fall T. V., sometimes locally abundant, Sept. 10 to 30.

Nest, of dry grasses, on the ground. Eggs, four, white, with a few spots of lilac-purple, brown, and black about the larger end, 75 × 60 (Thompson, Auk, i, 1884, p. 192). "Connecticut Warbler" is an unfortunate misnomer for this spe- WOOD WARBLERS. cies. "Swamp" or "Tamarac Warbler," or "Bog Black-throat," would have been much more truly descriptive.

In the cold, boggy tamarac swamps of Manitoba, where I found it breeding, it was the only one of the family, and almost the only bird, whose voice broke the silence of those gray wastes. Its loud song was much like the "teacher, teacher" chant of the Oven-bird, but it also uttered another, which I can recall to mind by the aid of the syllables "free-chapple, free-chapple, free-chapple, wHOITт." وو The nest was placed on the ground, or, rather, in the moss which everywhere covered the ground to a depth of a foot or two, and was composed of fine vegetable fibers.

This species has somewhat the manners of the Vireos, but is much. more active and sprightly in its movements. During the migrations it is generally found on or near the ground, in the undergrowth of low, damp woods, and also in bordering, weedy fields, where it sometimes announces its presence by a sharp peek. ERNEST E. THOMPSON. 679. Geothlypis philadelphia (Wils.). MOURNING WARBLER. Ad. 8.-Head, neck, and throat bluish gray, changing to black on the breast; no white eye-ring; rest of upper parts, wings, and tail olive-green; no wingbars or tail-patches; belly yellow. Ad. and Im.-Similar, but upper parts olive-green, slightly grayer on the head; breast grayish, throat whiter. L., 5-63; W., 2.56; T., 2·13; B. from N., 32.