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Range (Eastern North America breeds) (XXXI)

Eastern North America; breeds in Manitoba, Maine, and probably north to Labrador; and winters in the tropics. Washington, very rare T. V., May 17. Sing Sing, rare T. V., Sept. 20 to Oct. 20. Cambridge, very rare T. V. in Sept.

Nest, pensile, of fine grass and birch bark, suspended from a forked branch about eight feet from the ground. Eggs, four, similar in color to those of V. olivaceus (Thompson).

This species resembles the Red-eyed Vireo in habits, and Mr. Brewster writes that its song is so nearly identical with the song of that species "that the most critical ear will, in many cases, find great difficulty in distinguishing between the two. The notes of philadelphicus are generally pitched a little higher in the scale, while many of the utterances are feebler and the whole strain is a trifle more disconnected. But these differences are of a very subtile character, and, like most comparative ones, they are not to be depended upon unless the two species can be heard together. The Philadelphia Vireo has, however, one note which seems to be peculiarly its own, a very abrupt, doublesyllabled utterance with a rising inflection, which comes in with the general song at irregular but not infrequent intervals. I have also on one or two occasions heard the male when in pursuit of his mate utter a soft pseuo, similar to that sometimes used by Vireo olivaceus, and both sexes when excited or angry have a harsh, petulant note exactly like that of V. gilvus" (Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, v, 1881, p. 5). 627. Vireo gilvus (Vieill.). WARBLING VIREO. Ad.-Upper parts ashy olive-green; no wing-bars; wings and tail edged with the color of the back; first primary very short, not more than 1.00 in length; under parts white slightly washed with yellowish. L., 5.80; W., 2.85; T., 2-14; B. from Ν., 30.

Range.-North Amer- + FIG. 92.-Wing of Warbling Vireo, to show short first primary. ica; breeds as far north as the Hudson Bay region; winters in the tropics. Washington, rather common S. R., Apl. 28 to Sept. 10. Sing Sing, tolera- VIREOS. bly common S. R., May 3 to Sept. 18. Cambridge, common S. R., May 10 to