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Range (Breeds from Texas to Great)

Breeds from Texas to Great Slave Lake, east to the Alleghanies FINCHES, SPARROWS, ETC. as far north as Pennsylvania, and north of this eastward to Connecticut and northward to Labrador; winters in the lower Mississippi Valley. Washington, rare T. V., between Feb. 20 and Apl. 15. Sing Sing, tolerably common T. V., Apl.; Nov. Cambridge, abundant S. R., Mch. to Oct.; occasional in winter. "The general habits of the Bronzed Grackle are in all respects identical with those of the Purple Grackle. ... "From an almost equal familiarity with the two birds we are able to say that their notes differ decidedly, especially those of the male during the breeding season, the 'song' of the western birds being very much louder and more musical or metallic than those of its eastern relative" (Ridgway). 513. Quiscalus major Vieill. BOAT-TAILED GRACKLE. Ad. 6.- Glossy bluish black; head, throat, and breast more purplish, wings and tail more blackish. Ad. q. - Much smaller, upper parts blackish brown, under parts soiled ochraceous-buff. & L., 16:00; W., 7.50; T., 7.00; B., 1.55.