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Range (North America breeding chiefly)
North America, breeding chiefly in the interior from Minnesota, northern Illinois, Ontario County, N. Y., northward to the arctic regions; winters from the Gulf States to Patagonia.
Washington, rather common T. V., Apl. to May 15; Aug. to Nov. Long Island, T. V., very rare in spring, abundant in fall; July 15 to Oct. 1. Sing Sing, tolerably common T. V. in fall; Aug. 25 to Oct. 5. Cambridge, rare in May; sometimes common in Aug. and early Sept.
Eggs, three to four, buffy (variable as to shade), distinctly (sometimes broadly) spotted or blotched with dark madder- or vandyke-brown and purplish gray, 1.69 x 1.15 (Ridgw.). This species closely resembles the preceding in notes, habits, and choice of haunts. It decoys, however, more easily, and, generally speaking, is more common.
The GREEN-SHANK (253. Totanus nebularius) is an Old-World species, of which three specimens were taken by Audubon, May 28, 1832, near Cape Sable, Florida. It resembles our Greater Yellow-legs, but differs chiefly in having the lower back and rump white.
The GREEN SANDPIPER (257. Totanus ochropus) is an Old-World species which has been recorded once from Nova Scotia. It resembles our Solitary SNIPES, SANDPIPERS, ETC.
Sandpiper, but is larger (W., 5.75), and has the upper tail-coverts pure white. 256. Totanus solitarius (Wils.). SOLITARY SANDPIPER. Ad. in summer. Upper parts olive-fuscous, with a slight greenish tinge, the head and neck streaked and the back spotted with white; upper tail-coverts fuscous, with fine whitish spots on their sides, the lateral ones sometimes barred; central pair of tail-feathers fuscous, the others white, barred with black; 12 FIG. 64. Inner view of wing of Solitary Sandpiper, showing barred axillars. breast streaked, and sides sometimes barred with black; belly white; axillars barred with black and white; legs greenish fuscous. Winter plumage.-Similar, but upper parts grayish brown; head and neck generally unstreaked, and the back only lightly spotted with buffy white; breast streaked with brownish gray. L., 8.40; W., 5.25; Tar., 1.20; B., 1.15. Range.-Eastern North America; breeds locally and rarely from northern Illinois, western Pennsylvania, and Maine northward; winters in South America.
Washington, common T. V., Apl. to May 25; July 25 to Nov. Long Island, common T. V., May: July 15 to Oct. 1. Sing Sing, common T. V., May 3 to 30; Aug. 27 to Oct 2. Cambridge, common T. V., May 15 to 25; July 20 to Oct.
Eggs, known from only one example taken by Jenness Richardson, near Lake Bombazine, Vermont, May 28, 1878, and described by Dr. Brewer as light drab, with small, rounded, brown markings, some quite dark, nowhere confluent, and at the larger end a few faint purplish shell-marks, 1.39 x 95. This is a wood Sandpiper. It is rarely found on the beaches or salt marshes near the sea, but frequents fresh-water ponds, or lakes and woodland streams, both in the lowlands and mountains. It is genererally observed during the migrations, and although it occasionally breeds in the Middle States its skill in concealing its nest has defied the search of oölogists. It is a quieter, more dignified bird than the Spotted Sandpiper, and as a rule only utters its "low, whistling notes" when flushed. 258. Symphemia semipalmata (Gmel.). WILLET. Ad. in summer.-Upper parts brownish gray, the head and neck streaked, and the back barred with black, and sometimes buffy, the centers of the feathers being occasionally wholly black; basal half of the primaries and greater part of secondaries white; upper tail-coverts white with a few blackish bars; central tail-feathers ashy, indistinctly barred with blackish; outer ones whitish, lightly SNIPES, SANDPIPERS, ETC. mottled with grayish; foreneck heavily streaked; breast and sides heavily barred with dark brownish gray and more or less washed with buffy; belly generally white, with sometimes a few bars. Winter plumage. Upper parts brownish gray, unmarked; tail without bars; rump and wings as in the adult; breast washed with grayish; belly white; axillars black. L., 15.00; W., 8.00; Tar., 2.30; B., 2-15.