Illinois
(See Ridgway, Birds Ills., p. 71.) Omitted in error from previous editions.
INDEX.
ABBREVIATIONS, list of, 40.
Acanthis hornemannii, 284. hornemannii exilipes, 284. linaria, 284. linaria holbællii, 285. linaria rostrata, 285.
Accidental visitants defined, 12.
Accipiter atricapillus, 199. cooperi, 199. velox, 198.
Actitis macularia, 169.
Ægialitis hiaticula, 175. meloda, 175. meloda circumcincta, 175. montana, 176. semipalmata, 174... vocifera, 173. wilsonia, 176.
Æstrelata hasitata, 89. scalaris, 89.
Agelaius phœniceus, 264. phœniceus bryanti, 265.
Aix sponsa, 107.
Ajaja ajaja, 126.
Alauda arvensis, 253.
Alaudidæ, 252.
Albatross, Wandering, 86.
Yellow-nosed, 86.
Alca torda, 32.
Alcedinidæ, 226.
Alcidæ, 60.
Alle alle, 64.
American Ornithologists' Union, 32.
Ammodramus caudacutus, 295. caudacutus nelsoni, 296. caudacutus subvirgatus, 296. henslowii, 294. lecontei, 295. maritimus, 297. maritimus peninsulæ, 298. nigrescens, 298. princeps, 291. sandwichensis savanna, 292. savannarum passerinus, 293.
Ampelidæ, 323.
Ampelis cedrorum, 323. garrulus, 323.
Anas americana, 103.
Anas boschas, 101. carolinensis, 104. crecca, 105. cyanoptera, 105. discors, 105. fulvigula, 102. obscura, 102. penelope, 103. strepera, 103.
Anatidæ, 97.
Anatinæ, 100.
Anhinga anhinga, 93.
Anhingidæ, 93.
Ani, 226.
Anous stolidus, 85.
Anser albifrons, 122. albifrons gambeli, 121.
Anseres, 97.
Anserinæ, 119.
Anthus pensilvanicus, 375. pratensis, 376. spraguei, 376.
Antrostomus carolinensis, 236. vociferus, 237.
Aphelocoma floridana, 255.
Aphrizidæ, 176.
Aquila chrysaetos, 206.
Aramidæ, 138.
Aramus giganteus, 139.
Archibuteo ferrugineus, 206. lagopus sancti-johannis, 205.
Ardea candidissima, 134. cinerea, 133. cærulea, 135. egretta, 133. herodias, 132. occidentalis, 131. pealei, 134. rufescens, 134. tricolor ruficollis, 135. virescens, 136. wardi, 132. wuerdemanni, 131.
Ardeidæ, 128.
Ardetta exilis, 130. neoxena, 131.
Arenaria interpres, 177.
Asio accipitrinus, 215.
Asio wilsonianus, 214.
Asturina plagiata, 205.
Auk, Great, 64.
Razor-billed, 63.
The, 32.
A vocet, American, 149.
Aythya affinis, 112. americana, collaris, 112. 110. marila nearctica, 111. vallisneria, 110.
BALDPATE, 103.
Bartramia longicauda, 167.
Beetlehead, 172.
Bittern, American, 129.
Cory's, 131.
Least, 130.
INDEX.
Bicknell, Eugene P., biographical sketches by, 281, 309, 400. observations by, 14.
Biographies, plan of, 38.
Birds, collecting, 22. color of, 4. distribution of, 3. how to identify, 10. migration of, 5, 15. nesting of, 3, 19. origin of, 3. sexing, 27. skinning, 24. study of, out-of-doors, 10. when to find, 12.
Blackbird, Brewer's, 269.
Crow, 269, 270.
Florida Red-wing, 265.
Red-winged, 264.
Rusty, 268.
Yellow-headed, 263.
Blackbreast, 161.
Blackhead, 111.
Little, 112.
Bluebill, 111.
Little, 112.
Bluebird, 402.
Blue Peter, 146.
Bobolink, 261.
Bob-white, 178.
Florida, 179.
Bonasa umbellus, 180. umbellus togata, 182.
Booby, 92.
Blue-faced, 92.
Red-footed, 92.
Botaurus lentiginosus, 129.
Brant, 123.
Black, 123.
Branta bernicla, 123. canadensis, 122.
Branta canadensis hutchinsii, 122. canadensis minima, 122.
Branta leucopsis, 124. nigricans, 123.
Brant-bird, 177.
Brewster, William, biographical sketches by, 142, 155. observations by, 38.
Broadbill, 111.
Creek, 112.
Bubo virginianus, 219. virginianus saturatus, 220. virginianus subarcticus, 220.
Bubonidæ, 213.
Bufflehead, 114.
Bull-bat, 238, 239.
Bulweria bulweri, 89.
Bunting, Bay-winged, 290.
Black-throated, 315.
Indigo, 313.
Lark, 316.
Painted, 314.
Snow, 288.
Varied, 314.
Burgomaster, 70.
Butcher-bird, 325.
Buteo borealis, 200. borealis calurus, 201. borealis harlani, 201. borealis kriderii, 201. brachyurus, 204. buteo, 201. latissimus, 204. lineatus, 201. lineatus alleni, 203. swainsoni, 203.
Butter-ball, 114.
Buzzard, European, 201.
Turkey, 191.
CALAMOSPIZA MELANOCORYS, 316.
Calcarius lapponicus, 289. ornatus, 290. pictus, 289.
Calico-back, 177.
Calidris arenaria, 163.
Callichelidon cyaneoviridis, 322.
Campephilus principalis, 229.
Camptolaimus labradorius, 115.
Canary, Wild, 353.
Canvasback, 110.
Caprimulgidæ, 236.
Caracara, Audubon's, 211.
Cardinal, 311.
Cardinalis cardinalis, 311.
Carduelis carduelis, 287.
Carpodacus purpureus, 281.
Cataloguing birds, 28.
Catbird, 378.
Catharista atrata, 192.
Cathartes aura, 191.
Cathartidæ, 191.
Cedar-bird, 323.
INDEX.
Ceophlœus pileatus, 233.
Cepphus grylle, 61. mandtii, 62.
Certhia familiaris americana, 385.
Certhiidæ, 385.
Ceryle alcyon, 226.
Chætura pelagica, 239.
Charadriidæ, 171.
Charadrius apricarius, 173. dominicus, 173. squatarola, 172.
Charitonetta albeola, 114.
Chat, Yellow-breasted, 372.
Chebec, 251.
Chelidon erythrogaster, 320.
Chen cærulescens, 121. hyperborea, 120. nivalis, 120.
Cherry-bird, 323.
Chewink, 310.
Chickadee, 390.
Carolina, 391.
Hudsonian, 391.
Chippy, 302.
Winter, 301.
Chondestes grammacus, 299.
Chordeiles virginianus, 238. virginianus chapmani, 239. virginianus henryi, 239.
Chuck-will's-widow, 236.
Ciconiidæ, 127.
Circus hudsonius, 197.
Cistothorus palustris, 384. palustris griseus, 385. palustris marianæ, 385. stellaris, 383.
Clangula hyemalis, 114.
Clape, 235.
Clivicola riparia, 322.
Cocothraustes vespertinus, 279.
Coccyges, 224.
Coccyzus americanus, 225. erythropthalmus, 226. minor, 224. minor maynardi, 225.
Cœreba bahamensis, 333.
Colaptes auratus, 235.
Colinus virginianus, 178. virginianus floridanus, 179.
Collecting birds, 23. eggs, 29. nests, 29.
Collections, care of, 29.
Color chart, 39.
Columba leucocephala, 187.
Columbæ, 187.
Columbidæ, 187.
Columbigallina passerina terrestris, Colymbus auritus, 3. holbællii, 56.
Compsothlypis americana, 352.
Contopus borealis, 246. virens, 247.
Conurus carolinensis, 222.
Coot, American, 146.
Black, 117.
European, 147.
Sea, 118.
White-winged, 118.
Cormorant, 94.
Double-crested, 94.
Florida, 95.
Mexican, 95.
Corvidæ, 253.
Corvus americanus, 257. americanus floridanus, 258. corax principalis, 256. ossifragus, 258.
Coturnix coturnix, 180.
Courlan, 139.
Cowbird, 262.
Crake, Corn, 144.
Spotted, 144.
Crane, Blue, 132.
Brown, 138.
Little Brown, 138.
Sandhill, 132, 138.
White, 137.
Whooping, 137.
Creeper, Bahama Honey, 333.
Black and White, 343.
Brown, 385.
Crex crex, 144.
Crossbill, American, 283.
Red, 283.
White-winged, 283.
Crotophaga ani, 226.
Crow, American, 257.
Fish, 258.
Florida, 258.
Crying-bird, 139.
Crymophilus fulicarius, 147.
Cuckoo, Black-billed, 226.
Mangrove, 224.
Maynard's, 225.
Yellow-billed, 225.
Cuculidæ, 224.
Curlew, Eskimo, 170.
Hudsonian, 170.
Jack, 170.
Long-billed, 170.
Pink, 126.
Spanish, 126.
Cyanocitta cristata, 254. cristata florincola, 255.
Cygninæ, 124.
Cymodroma grallaria, 91.
DABCHICK, 57.
Dafila acuta, 106.
Definition of terms, 32.
Dendragapus canadensis, 180.
Dendroica æstiva, 353. auduboni, 356. blackburniæ, 360. cærulea, 357. cærulescens, 354. castanea, 358. coronata, 355. discolor, 364. dominica, 361. dominica albilora, 361. kirtlandi, 362. maculosa, 356. palmarum, 363. palmarum hypochrysea, 364. pensylvanica, 357. striata, 359. tigrina, 352. townsendi, 362. vigorsii, 363. virens, 361.
Dickcissel, 315.
Diedapper, 57.
Diomedea exulans, 86.
Diomedeidæ, 86.
Diving birds, 56.
Dolichonyx oryzivorus, 261.
Doughbird, 170.
Dove, Blue-headed Quail, 191.
Ground, 190.
Mourning, 188, 190.
Quail, 190.
Ruddy Quail, 191.
Sea, 64.
White-winged, 190.
Zenaida, 189.
Dovekie, 64.
Dowitcher, 155.
Long-billed, 156.
Western, 156.
Dryobates borealis, 231. pubescens, 230. villosus, 229. villosus audubonii, 230. villosus leucomelas, 230.
Duck, American Scaup, 111.
Black, 102 Broad-bill, 111.
Crow, 146.
Dusky, 102.
Florida, 102.
Gray, 103.
Greater Scaup, 111.
Harlequin, 115.
Labrador, 115.
Lesser Scaup, 112.
Masked, 119.
Pied, 115.
Ring-necked, Ruddy, 119.
Rufous-crested, 109.
INDEX.
Duck, Scaup, 111.
Spirit, 114.
Steller's, 116.
Wood, 107.
Dunlin, 161.
Dutcher, William, observations by, 38.
Dwight, J., Jr., biographical sketches by, 248, 250, 268, 290, 293, 296, 297, 308, 399.
EAGLE, BALD, 207.
Golden, 206.
Gray Sea, 207.
Ectopistes migratorius, 187.
Eggs, collecting, 29. descriptions of, 38: preserving, 30.
Egret, American, 133.
Peale's, 134.
Reddish, 134.
Snowy, 134.
Eider, American, 116.
Greenland, 116.
King, 116.
Elanoides forficatus, 196.
Elanus leucurus, 196.
Empidonax acadicus, 249. flaviventris, 248. minimus, 251. pusillus, 251. traillii, 250. traillii alnorum, 251. virescens, 249.
Eniconetta stelleri, 116.
Ereunetes pusillus, 161. occidentalis, 162.
Erismatura rubida, 119.
Euetheia bicolor, 315. canora, 315.
FALCO COLUMBARIUS, 210. islandus, 208. mexicanus, 209. peregrinus anatum, 209. regulus, 211. rusticolus, 208. rusticolus gyrfalco, 209. rusticolus obsoletus, 209. sparverioides, 211. sparverius, 211. tinnunculus, 211.
Falcon, Peregrine, 210.
Prairie, 209.
Falconidæ, 193.
Feathers, markings of, 32.
Field-glass, use of, 11.
Finch, Grass, 290.
Lark, 299.
Pine, 287.
Purple, 281.
Firebird, 267.
INDEX.
Goosander, 98.
Fisher, Dr. A. K., observations by, Goose, American White-fronted, 121. 38.
Flamingo, 125.
Flicker, 235.
Florida Yellow-throat, 371.
Flycatcher, Acadian, 249.
Alder, 251.
Crested, 244.
Fork-tailed, 243.
Great-crested, 244.
Least, 251.
Olive-sided, 246.
Scissor-tailed, Traill's, 250.
Yellow-bellied, 248. 243.
Fratercula arctica, 60. arctica glacialis, 61.
Fregata aquila, 97.
Fregatidæ, 97.
Frigate-bird, 97.
Fringillidæ, 271.
Fulica americana, 146. atra, 147.
Fuligulinæ, 107.
Fulmar, 87.
Lesser, 87.
Fulmarus glacialis, 87. glacialis minor, 87.
Fute, 170.
GADWALL, 103.
Galeoscoptes carolinensis, 378.
Gallinæ, 178.
Gallinago delicata, 154. gallinago, 155.
Gallinula galeata, 145.
Gallinule, Florida, 145.
Purple, 145.
Gannet, 92.
Gavia alba, 68.
Gelochelidon nilotica, 78.
Geothlypis agilis, 369. 370. formosa, 368. philadelphia, trichas, 371. trichas ignota, 371.
Geotrygon martinica, 190. montana, 191.
Glaucionetta clangula americana, 113. islandica, 113.
Gnatcatcher, Blue-gray, 394.
Goatsuckers, 236.
Godwit, Black-tailed, 164.
Hudsonian, 164.
Marbled, 163.
Golden-eye, American, 113.
Barrow's, 113.
Goldfinch, American, 286.
Black-headed, 287.
European, 287.
Barnacle, 124.
Blue, 120.
Cackling, 122.
Canada, 122.
European White-fronted, 122.
Greater Snow, 120.
Hutchins's, 122.
Lesser Snow, 120.
Goshawk, American, 199.
Grackle, Mexican, 205.
Boat-tailed, 271.
Bronze, 270.
Florida, 270.
Purple, 269.
Grassquit, 315.
Melodious, 315.
Greenback, 173.
Greenshank, 165.
Grebe, Holbæll's, 56.
Horned, 57.
Pied-billed, 57.
Grosbeak, Black-headed, 313.
Blue, 313.
Evening, 279.
Pine, 280.
Rose-breasted, 312.
Grouse, Canada, 180.
Canadian Ruffed, 182.
Prairie Sharp-tailed, 185.
Ruffed, 180.
Gruidæ, 137.
Grus americana, 137. canadensis, 138. mexicana, 138.
Guara alba, 126. rubra, 127.
Guillemot, Black, 61.
Mandt's, 62.
Guiraca cærulea, 313.
Gull, American Herring, 72.
Black-headed, 74.
Bonaparte's, 75.
European, 73.
Franklin's, 74.
Glaucous, 70.
Great Black-backed, 71.
Iceland, 71.
Herring, 72.
Ivory, 68.
Kumlien's, 71.
Laughing, 74.
Little, 76.
Mew, 74.
Ring-billed, 73.
Ross's, 76.
Sabine's, 76.
Siberian, 72.
Gun, kind of, 23. load for, 24.
Gyrfalcon, 209.
Black, 209.
Gray, 208.
White, 208.
HABIA LUDOVICIANA, 312. melanocephala, 313.
Hæmatopodidæ, 177.
Hæmatopus ostralegus, 177. palliatus, 177.
Hagdon, 88.
Black, 89.
Haliæetus albicilla, 207. leucocephalus, 207.
Hang-nest, 267.
Harporhynchus rufus, 379.
Harrier, 197.
INDEX.
Hawk, American Rough-legged, 205. 204.
American Sparrow, 211.
Broad-winged, Chicken, 200, 201.
Cooper's, 199.
Cuban Sparrow, 211.
Duck, 209.
Ferruginous Rough-leg, 206.
Fish, 212.
Florida Red-shouldered, 203.
Harlan's, 201.
Hen, 200, 201.
Killy, 211.
Krider's, 201.
Marsh, 197.
Pigeon, 210.
Red-shouldered, 201.
Red-tailed, 200.
Rough-legged, 205.
Sharp-shinned, 198.
Short-tailed, 204.
Snail, 197.
Sparrow, 211.
Swainson's, 203.
Heath Hen, 185.
Helinaia swainsonii, 345.
Hell Diver, 57.
Helminthophila bachmani, 346. celata, 350. chrysoptera, 348. lawrencei, 348. leucobronchialis, 347. peregrina, 350. pinus, 347. ruficapilla, 349.
Helmitherus vermivorus, 345.
Hen, Heath, 185.
Hen, Prairie, 184.
Herodiones, 125.
Heron, Black-crowned Night, 136.
European Great Blue, 133.
Great Blue, 132.
Great White, 131.
Green, 136.
Heron, Little Blue, 135.
Little Green, 136.
Louisiana, 135.
Snowy, 134.
Ward's, 132.
Würdemann's, 131.
Yellow-crowned Night, 137.
Hesperocichla nævia, 402.
High-hole, 235.
Himantopus mexicanus, 150.
Hirundinidæ, 318.
Histrionicus histrionicus, 115.
Honey Creeper, Bahama, 333.
Hummingbird, Ruby-throated, 241.
Hydrochelidon leucoptera, 85. nigra surinamensis, 84.
IBIDIDÆ, 126.
Ibis, Glossy, 127.
Scarlet, 127.
White, 126.
White-faced Glossy, 127.
Wood, 128.
Icteria virens, 372.
Icteridæ, 260.
Icterus bullocki, 268. galbula, 267. icterus, 266. spurius, 266.
Ictina mississippiensis, 196.
Illustrations, 39.
Indigo-bird, 313.
Ionornis martinica, 145.
JAEGER, LONG-TAILED, 66.
Parasitic, 66.
Pomarine, 65.
Jay, Blue, 254.
Canada, 256.
Florida, 255.
Florida Blue, 255.
Labrador, 256.
Joree, 310.
Journals, 21.
Junco, 304.
Carolina, 305. hyemalis, 304. hyemalis carolinensis, 305. hyemalis shufeldti, 305.
Shufeldt's, 305.
Slate-colored, 304.
KESTREL, 211.
Keys, use of, 32.
Killdeer, 173.
Kingbird, 243.
Arkansas, 244.
Gray, 244.
Kingfisher, Belted, 226.
Kinglet, Ruby-crowned, 393.
Golden-crowned, 392.
Kite, Everglade, 197.
Mississippi, 196.
Swallow-tailed, 196.
White-tailed, 196.
Kittiwake, 69.
Knot, 157.
Krieker, 158.
LABELING BIRDS, 28.
Labels, 28.
Lagopus lagopus, 182. lagopus alleni, 182. rupestris, 182. rupestris reinhardti, 183. welchi, 183.
Lamellirostral Grallatores, 125.
Swimmers, 97.
Lanius borealis, 325. ludovicianus, 325. ludovicianus excubitorides, 326.
Laniidæ, 325.
Lapwing, 172.
Lark, Field, 265.
Horned, 252.
Meadow, 265.
Prairie, 266.
Prairie Horned, 252.
Shore, 252.
Western Meadow, 266.
Laridæ, 67.
Larinæ, 67.
Larus affinis, 72. argentatus, 73. argentatus smithsonianus, 72. atricilla, 74. canus, 74. delawarensis, 73. franklini, 74. glaucus, 70. kumlieni, 71. leucopterus, 71. marinus, 71. minutus, 76. philadelphia, 75.
Leadback, 160.
Limicolæ, 147.
Limosa fedoa, 163. hæmastica, 164. limosa, 164.
Limpkin, 139.
Loggerhead, 325.
Longipennes, 65.
Longspur, Chestnut-collared, 290.
Lapland, 289.
McCown's, 290.
Smith's, 289.
Long-winged Swimmers, 65.
Loon, 58.
Black-throated, 59.
Red-throated, 59.
Lophodytes cucullatus, 99.
INDEX.
Loxia curvirostra minor, 283. leucoptera, 283.
MACRORHAMPUS GRISEUS, 155. scolopaceus, 156.
Macrochires, 236.
Magpie, 255.
Mallard, 101.
Man-of-War Bird, 97.
Marsh Hen, 129, 140.
Marlin, Brown, 163.
Ring-tailed, 164.
Martin, Cuban, 319.
Purple, 319.
Maryland Yellow-throat, 371.
Meadowlark, 265.
Western, 266.
Measurements of birds, 37.
Megalestris skua, 65.
Megascops asio, 218. asio floridanus, 219.
Melanerpes carolinus, 234. erythrocephalus, 233.
Meleagris gallopavo, 186. gallopavo osceola, 186:
Melopelia leucoptera, 190.
Melospiza fasciata, 306. georgiana, 308.
Lincolni, 307.
Merganser americanus, 98. serrator, 99.
Merganser, American, 98.
Hooded, 99.
Red-breasted, 99.
Merginæ, 98.
Merlin, 211.
Merriam, Florence A., biographical sketches by, 245, 304, 314, 317, 324, 382.
Merula migratoria, 401.
Micropalama himantopus, 156.
Micropodidæ, 239.
Migration of birds, 5. tables of, 15.
Milvulus forficatus, 243. tyrannus, 243.
Miller, Olive Thorne, biographical sketches by, 243, 311, 379.
Mimus polyglottos, 377.
Mniotilta varia, 343.
Mniotiltidæ, 333.
Mockingbird, 377.
Molothrus ater, 262.
Moose-bird, 256.
Motacilla alba, 376.
Motacillidæ, 375.
Mother Carey's Chicken, 91.
Mud Hen, 146.
Murre, 62.
Brünnich's, 63.
Myiarchus crinitus, 244.
NESTING SEASON, 13, 19, 20.
Nests, collecting, 29. descriptions of, 38. preserving, 31.
Netta rufina, 109.
Night Hawk, 238.
Florida, 239.
Western, 239.
Noddy, 85, 87.
Nomenclature, 5, 32.
Nomonyx dominicus, 119.
Nonpareil, 314.
Note-books, 21.
Numenius borealis, 170. hudsonicus, 170. longirostris, 170. phæopus, 171.
Nuthatch, Brown-headed, 388.
Florida White-breasted, 388.
Red-breasted, 388.
White-breasted, 387.
Nyctala acadica, 217. tengmalmi richardsoni, 217.
Nyctea nyctea, 220.
Nycticorax nycticorax nævius, 136. violaceus, 137.
OCEANITES OCEANICUS, 90.
Oceanodroma leucorhoa, 89.
Odontoglossæ, 125.
Oidemia americana, 117. deglandi, 118. fusca, 118. perspicillata, 118.
Old Squaw, 114.
Wife, 114.
Olor buccinator, 124. columbianus, 124. cygnus, 125.
Opera-glass, use of, 11.
Oriole, Baltimore, 267.
Bullock's, 268.
Orchard, 266.
Ornithology, economic, 6. philosophic, 3. sentiment of, 8. study of, 1. systematic, 2.
Osprey, American, 212.
Otocoris alpestris, 252. alpestris praticola, 252.
Oven-bird, 365.
Owl, Acadian, 217.
American Barn, 213.
American Hawk, 221.
American Long-eared, 214.
Barn, 213.
Barred, 215.
Burrowing, 221.
Dusky-horned, 220.
Florida Barred, 216.
INDEX.
Owl, Florida Burrowing, 221.
Florida Screech, 218.
Great Gray, 217.
Great Horned, 219.
Hawk, 221.
Hoot, 215.
Long-eared, 214.
Monkey-faced, 213.
Richardson's, 217.
Saw-whet, 217.
Screech, 218.
Short-eared, 215.
Snowy, 220.
Western Horned, 220.
Oxeye, Meadow, 160.
Sand, 161.
Oyster-catcher, American, 177.
European, 177.
PALMETTO BIRD, 371.
Paludicolæ, 137.
Pandion haliaëtus carolinensis, 212.
Paridæ, 386.
Paroquet, Carolina, 222.
Parrot, Sea, 60.
Partridge, 178, 179, 180, 182.
Spruce, 180.
Parus atricapillus, 390. bicolor, 389. carolinensis, 391. hudsonicus, 391.
Passer domesticus, 282. montanus, 283.
Passerella iliaca, 309.
Passeres, 242.
Passerina ciris, 314. cyanea, 313. versicolor, 314.
Pavoncella pugnax, 167.
Peabody-bird, 300.
Pediocætes phasianellus campestris, 185.
Peep, 160, 161.
Pelagodroma marina, 91.
Pelecanidæ, 95.
Pelecanus erythrorhynchus, 95. fuscus, 96.
Pelican, Brown, 96.
White, 95.
Perisoreus canadensis, 256. canadensis nigricapillus, 256.
Permanent residents defined, 12. list of, 13.
Petrel, Black-capped, 89.
Bulwer's, 89.
Leach's, 89.
Scaled, 89.
Stormy, 89.
White-bellied, 91.
White-faced, 91.
Wilson's, 90.
Petrochelidon fulva, 320. lunifrons, 320.
Peucea æstivalis, 305. æstivalis bachmanii, 305.
Pewee, Wood, 247.
Phaëthon æthereus, 91. flavirostris, 91.
Phaëthontidæ, 91.
Phalacrocoracidæ, 94.
Phalacrocorax carbo, 94. dilophus, 94. dilophus floridanus, 95. mexicanus, 95.
Phalarope, Gray, 147.
Northern, 148.
Red, 147.
Wilson's, 148.
Phalaropodidæ, 147.
Phalaropus lobatus, 148. tricolor, 148.
Phasianidæ, 185.
Philohela minor, 153.
Phœbe, 245.
Say's, 246.
Phœnicopteridæ, 125.
Phœnicopterus ruber, 125.
Pica pica hudsonica, 255.
Pici, 227.
Picidæ, 227.
Picoides americanus, 232. arcticus, 231.
Pigeon, Passenger, 187.
Sea, 61.
White-crowned, 187.
Wild, 187.
Pinicola enucleator, 280.
Pintail, 106.
Pipilo erythrophthalmus, 310. erythrophthalmus alleni, 310.
Pipit, American, 375.
Meadow, 376.
Sprague's, 376.
Piranga erythromelas, 317. ludoviciana, 318. rubra, 317.
Plataleidæ, 125.
Plautus impennis, 64.
Plectrophenax nivalis, 288.
Plegadis autumnalis, 127. guarauna, 127.
Plover, American Golden, 173.
Belted Piping, 175.
Black-bellied, 172.
European Golden, 173.
Field, 167.
Golden, 173.
Mountain, 176.
Piping, 175.
Ring, 175.
Semipalmated, 174.
Upland, 167.
INDEX.
Plover, Wilson's, 176.
Podicipidæ, 56.
Podilymbus podiceps, 57.
Poke, 136.
Polioptila cærulea, 394.
Polyborus cheriway, 211.
Poocætes gramineus, 290.
Porzana carolina, 143. jamaicensis, 144. noveboracensis, 144. porzana, 144.
Prairie Hen, 184.
Procellaria pelagica, 89.
Procellariidæ, 86.
Progne cryptoleuca, 319. subis, 319.
Protonotaria citrea, 344.
Psittaci, 222.
Psittacidæ, 222.
Ptarmigan, Allen's, 182.
Greenland, 183.
Reinhardt's, 183.
Rock, 182.
Welch's, 183.
Willow, 182.
Puffin, 60.
Large-billed, 61.
Puffinus auduboni, 88. borealis, 88. major, 88. puffinus, 88. stricklandi, 89.
Pygopodes, 56.
QUAIL, 178, 179.
European, 180.
Migratory, 180.
Quawk, 136.
Quiscalus major, 271. quiscula, 269. quiscula æneus, 270. quiscula aglæus, 270.
RACES, GEOGRAPHICAL, 4.
Rail, Black, 144.
Carolina, 143.
Clapper, 140.
Florida Clapper, 141.
King, 140.
Little Black, 144.
Louisiana Clapper, 141.
Virginia, 141.
Yellow, 144.
Rallidæ, 139.
Rallus elegans, 140. longirostris crepitans, 140. longirostris saturatus, 141. longirostris scottii, 141. virginianus, 141.
Range of birds, 37.
Raptores, 191.
Raven, Northern, 256.
Recurvirostra americana, 149.
Recurvirostridæ, 149.
Redback, 161.
Redhead, 110.
Redpoll, 284.
Greater, 285.
Greenland, 284.
Hoary, 284.
Holbæll's, 285.
Redstart, 374.
Redtail, Western, Reedbird, 261. 201.
Regulus calendula, 393. satrapa, 392.
Rhodostethia rosea, 76.
Rhyncophanes mccownii, 290.
INDEX.
Rice-bird, 261.
Richmond, C. W., observations by, 37.
Ring-neck, 174.
Rissa tridactyla, 69.
Robin, American, 401.
Golden, 267.
Rostrhamus sociabilis, 197.
Ruff, 167.
Rynchopidæ, 85.
Rynchops nigra, 86.
SADDLEBACK, 71.
Sanderling, 163.
Sandpiper, Baird's, 159.
Bartramian, 167.
Buff-breasted, 168.
Curlew, 161.
Green, 165.
Least, 160.
Pectoral, 158.
Purple, 157.
Red-backed, 160.
Semipalmated, 161.
Solitary, 166.
Spotted, 169.
Stilt, 156.
Western Semipalmated, 162.
White-rumped, 158.
Sapsucker, Yellow-bellied, 232.
Saxicola œnanthe, 402.
Sayornis phœbe, 245. saya, 246.
Scissor-bill, 86.
Scolecophagus carolinus, 268. 269. cyanocephalus, Scolopacidæ, 150.
Scolopax rusticola, 154.
Scoter, American, 117.
Surf, 118.
Velvet, 118.
White-winged, 118.
Scotiaptex cinereum, 217.
Sea Parrot, 60.
Sea Pigeon, 61.
Sea Swallow, 80.
Seiurus aurocapillus, 365. motacilla, 368. noveboracensis, 367. noveboracensis notabilis, 368.
Setophaga ruticilla, 374.
Sexing birds, 27.
Sexual organs, 28.
Shag, 94.
Shearwater, Audubon's, 88.
Cory's, 88.
Greater, 88.
Manx, 88.
Sooty, 88.
Shelldrake, 98, 99.
Shore Birds, 147.
Shoveler, 105.
Shrike, Loggerhead, 325.
Northern, 325.
Sialis sialis, 402.
Sickle-bill, 170.
Siskin, Pine, 287.
Sitta canadensis, 388. carolinensis, 387. carolinensis atkinsi, 388. pusilla, 388.
Skimmer, Black, 86.
Skinning birds, 24.
Skua, 65.
Skylark, 253.
Snakebird, 93.
Snipe, English, 154.
European, 155.
Grass, 158.
Gray, 157.
Robin, 157.
Rock, 158.
Surf, 163.
Wilson's, 154.
Winter, 158.
Snowflake, 288.
Somateria dresseri, 116. mollissima borealis, 116. spectabilis, 116.
Song season, 14.
Sora, 143.
South Southerly, 114.
Sparrow, Acadian Sharp-tailed, 296.
Bachman's, 305.
Brewer's, 303.
Chipping, 302.
Clay-colored, 303.
Dusky Seaside, 298.
English, 282.
European Tree, 283.
Field, 303.
Fox, 309.
Grasshopper, 293.
Henslow's, 294.
House, 282.
Ipswich, 291.
INDEX.
Sparrow, Lark, 299.
Leconte's, 295.
Lincoln's, 307.
Nelson's Sharp-tailed, 296.
Pine-woods, 305.
Savanna, 292. 295.
Scott's Seaside, 298.
Seaside, 297.
Sharp-tailed, Song, 306.
Swamp, 308.
Tree, 301.
Vesper, 290.
Western Field, 304.
White-crowned, 299.
White-throated, 300.
Yellow-winged, 293.
Spatula clypeata, 105.
Speotyto cunicularia floridana, 221. cunicularia hypogæa, 221.
Sphyrapicus varius, 232.
Spinus notatus, 287. pinus, 287. tristis, 286.
Spiza americana, 315.
Spizella breweri, 303. monticola, 301. pallida, 303. pusilla, 303. pusilla arenacea, 304. socialis, 302.
Spoonbill, Roseate, 126.
Sprigtail, 106.
Spring migration, 15.
Starling, 259.
Starnœnas cyanocephala, 191.
Steganopodes, 91.
Stelgidopteryx serripennis, 322.
Stercorariidæ, 65.
Stercorarius longicaudus, 66. parasiticus, 66. pomarinus, 66.
Sterna anæthetus, 84. antillarum, 84. dougalli, 83. forsteri, 80. fuliginosa, 84. hirundo, 81. maxima, 79. paradisæa, 82. sandvicensis acuflavida, 80. trudeaui, 80. tschegrava, 79.
Sterninæ, 76.
Stilt, Black-necked, 150.
Stone-chat, 402.
Strigidæ, 213.
Strix pratincola, 213.
Sturnella magna, 265. magna neglecta, 266.
Sturnidæ, 259.
Sturnus vulgaris, 259.
Sula bassana, 92. cyanops, 92. sula, 92. piscator, 92.
Sulidæ, 92.
Summer residents defined, 12. list of, 18.
Surnia ulula caparoch, 221.
Swallow, Bahama, 322.
Bank, 322.
Barn, 320.
Chimney, 239.
Cliff, 320.
Cuban Cliff, 320.
Eave, 320.
Rough-winged, 322.
Tree, 321.
White-bellied, 321.
Swan, Trumpeter, 124.
Whistling, 124.
Whooping, 125.
Swift, Chimney, 239.
Sylvania canadensis, 374. mitrata, 372. pusilla, 373.
Sylviidæ, 391.
Symphemia semipalmata, 166. semipalmata inornata, 167.
Syrnium nebulosum, 215. nebulosum alleni, 216..
TACHYCINETA BICOLOR, 321.
Tanager, Louisiana, 318.
Scarlet, 317.
Summer, 317.
Tanagridæ, 316.
Tantalus loculator, 128.
Taxidermy, 27.
Teal, Blue-winged, 105.
Cinnamon, 105.
European, 105.
Green-winged, 104.
Terms used in description, 32.
Tern, Arctic, 82.
Black, 84.
Bridled, 84.
Cabot's, 80.
Caspian, 79.
Common, 81.
Forster's, 80.
Gull-billed, 78.
Least, 84.
Marsh, 78.
Roseate, 83.
Royal, 79.
Sooty, 84.
Trudeau's, 80.
White-winged Black, 85.
Wilson's, 81.
Tetraonidæ, 178.
Thalassogeron culminatus, 86.
Thistle-bird, 286.
INDEX.
Thompson, Ernest E., biographical sketches by, 181, 197, 253, 256, 280, 285, 289, 300, 306, 325, 369, 383.
Thrasher, Brown, 379.
Thrush, Alice's, 397.
Bicknell's, 398.
Brown, 379.
Golden-crowned, Gray-cheeked, 397.
Grinnell's Water, 368.
Hermit, 400. 365.
Louisiana Water, 368.
Olive-backed, 398.
Red-winged, 401.
Varied, 402.
Water, 367.
Willow, 397.
Wilson's, 396.
Wood, 395.
Thryothorus bewickii, 381. ludovicianus, 380. ludovicianus miamensis, 381.
Tinker, 63.
Titlark, 375.
Titmouse, Tufted, 389.
Turdus aliciæ, 397. aliciæ bicknelli, 398. aonalaschkæ pallasii, 400. fuscescens, 396. fuscescens salicicolus, 397. iliacus, 401. mustelinus, 395. ustulatus swainsonii, 398.
Turkey, Water, 93.
Florida Wild, 186.
Wild, 186.
Turnstone, 177.
Tympanuchus americanus, 184 cupido, 185.
Tyrannidæ, 242.
Tyrannus dominicensis, 244. tyrannus, 243. verticalis, 244.
URIA LOMVIA, 63. troile, 62.
Urinator arcticus, 59. imber, 58. lumme, 59.
Urinatoridæ, 58.
VANELLUS VANELLUS, 172.
Veery, 396.
Torrey, Bradford, biographical sketch- Vireo belli, 332. es by, 129, 243, 331.
Totanus flavipes, 165. melanoleucus, 164. nebularius, 165. ochropus, 165. solitarius, 166.
Totipalmate Swimmers, 91.
Towhee, 310.
White-eyed, 310.
Transient visitants defined, 12.
Tringa alpina, 161. alpina pacifica, 160. bairdii, 159. canutus, 157. ferruginea, 161. fuscicollis, 158. maritima, 157. maculata, 158. minutilla, 160.
Trochilidæ, 240.
Trochilus colubris, 241.
Troglodytes aëdon, 381. aëdon aztecus, 382. hiemalis, 382.
Troglodytidæ, 376.
Tropic-bird, Red-billed, 91.
Yellow-billed, 91.
Troupial, 266.
Tryngites subruficollis, 168.
Tube-nosed Swimmers, 86.
Tubinares, 86.
Turdidæ, 394. calidris barbatulus, 327. flavifrons, 330. flavoviridis, 329. gilvus, 329. noveboracensis, 332. noveboracensis maynardi, 332. olivaceus. 328. philadelphicus, 329. solitarius, 331. solitarius alticola, 331. solitarius plumbeus, 331.
Vireo, Bell's, 332.
Black-whiskered, 327.
Blue-headed, 331.
Key West, 332.
Mountain Solitary, 331.
Philadelphia, 329.
Plumbeous, 331.
Red-eyed, 328.
Warbling, 329.
White-eyed, 332.
Yellow-green, 329.
Yellow-throated, 330.
Vireonidæ, 327.
Vulture, Black, 192.
Turkey, 191.
WAGTAIL, WHITE, 376.
Warbler, Audubon's, 356.
Bachman's, 346.
Bay-breasted, 358.
Black and White, 343.